Congressional Republicans are currently working on what President Trump calls his “big, beautiful bill.” House committees pulled all-nighters yesterday to advance several pieces of his agenda. The legislation takes on two of Trump’s priorities: tax cuts and immigration funding. But to pay for them, Republicans are looking for other programs to slash — most contentiously, those that help low-income Americans, particularly Medicaid and food stamps.

Tax cuts: The legislation extends the parts of Trump’s 2017 tax cuts that are set to expire. This would cut nearly everyone’s taxes to some degree, but about half the cost of the extension is cuts for people who make $400,000 or more a year. The proposal also includes an expansion of the child tax credit and temporary tax breaks on tips and overtime pay.

Medicaid: Changes to the health insurance program would leave around eight million Americans uninsured. The bill says that poor, childless adults must work at least 80 hours every month to qualify. It would also require beneficiaries to pay more fees and complete more paperwork to prove they are eligible for Medicaid. Supporters say these measures would help root out waste and fraud. Critics say the bill effectively cuts support for the poor to fund tax cuts for the rich.

Immigration: The bill would increase funding to help build a wall at the U.S.-Mexico border and crack down on illegal immigration.

Clean energy: Joe Biden enacted hundreds of billions of dollars in tax breaks for electric vehicles and other clean energy initiatives. Republicans would phase out most of that money.

And more: The bill would also make states pay more for food stamps, which could force them to cut benefits for poor Americans. It would create “MAGA” savings accounts for newborns, starting them out with $1,000 and letting parents contribute $5,000 per year tax-free until a child turns 31. It would raise taxes on colleges and universities. It would increase military spending. It would repeal Biden’s student loan forgiveness program. And those are only some of the biggest items. (The Washington Post broke down other elements of the bill.)

One unanswered question: Will the bill pass? Republicans are divided. Fiscal conservatives say the legislation doesn’t cut enough spending; it would add trillions to the debt over 10 years. But moderates and populists on the right argue that the bill already cuts too much. They say the Medicaid changes, in particular, could hurt working-class Americans, many of whom have started voting Republican but could walk away from the party if it slashes their benefits.

This conversation has been edited for clarity and brevity.

Does the president decide who qualifies as a refugee?

No. The law says applicants have to “fear persecution” in their home countries. And there’s a ceiling on how many the United States can admit every year. Trump merely directed the government to process would-be Afrikaner immigrants as refugees.

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