ST. PAUL, Minn. – So far in December, over 40 outbreaks of norovirus have been reported in Minnesota.

The state’s Department of Health (MDH) says that is almost twice the usual number.

“Particularly ahead of holiday gatherings, we want to make sure people are aware of this increase in norovirus outbreaks and taking steps to prevent spreading illness to family or friends,” says Jessica Hancock-Allen, infectious disease division director at MDH.

Noroviruses cause vomiting, diarrhea and stomach cramping. Other symptoms can include low‐grade fever or chills, headaches and muscle aches. Noroviruses are very contagious and are the leading cause of foodborne illness outbreaks in Minnesota, as well as the most common cause of short-term diarrhea/vomiting illness in the United States.

- Always wash your hands with soap and water for 20 seconds before preparing or eating foods, and after using the bathroom or changing diapers. Note: most hand sanitizers do not kill norovirus.

- Do not prepare food for others at all if you have been sick with vomiting or diarrhea in the last three days. Likewise, do not eat food prepared by someone who is ill with vomiting or diarrhea.

- Clean and disinfect surfaces with a household bleach solution immediately after surfaces come in contact with vomit or diarrhea.

- Cook oysters and other shellfish before eating them.

Most people will get norovirus about five times in their lifetime and the illness usually goes away in one or two days with no long-term health effects. MDH says people who are ill with symptoms of norovirus should drink plenty of fluids to help avoid becoming dehydrated. If you have questions or concerns, contact your healthcare provider.

Restaurants , schools, child care, long-term care and similar facilities should follow outbreak prevention guidelines and employee/attendee vomiting and diarrhea illness exclusions.

For more information on norovirus, click here .