“If I remember correctly, you were born in Kansas City, Mo., sir.” “Yeah, you go right for the controversy, man. Even when I’m out in Steelers country.” “OK.” “I tell them I’m an Eagles fan.” “You say that in Steelers country and — they don’t harm you?” “You cannot bullshit your way through sports. I think our defense is capable of not stopping Mahomes, right? But is capable of containing him, is capable of doing that. And we’ve seen that throughout the season.” “What do you believe the Eagles have to do in order to secure this victory?” “Get out quick. You do not want to play from behind against Kansas City, and you don’t want to be in a position where you’ve got to compromise your run game.”

“There should be no question. The Ravens are my squad.” “Your Ravens are in second place to the Steelers. I just want to say —I just want to end the interview by telling you that. I just want to end the interview by telling you —” “The Steelers haven’t played anybody. They haven’t played anybody.”

Congressional Democrats on Sunday’s talk shows were largely critical of their party’s uncoordinated response to President Trump’s joint address to Congress on Tuesday, with several objecting to Representative Al Green’s decision to heckle the president rather than observe the solemn and staid protest that Democratic leadership had urged. Green was formally censured by his House colleagues on Thursday.

Senator Andy Kim of New Jersey told CNN’s Jake Tapper that members on both sides of the aisle needed to hold themselves to a higher standard of decorum, though he argued that Trump was the one lowering that bar. Representative Ro Khanna of California went further and told Fox’s Shannon Bream that his party’s divided response to the speech was “not a good look” for Democrats, and the fallout was “a distraction from us getting out our economic message.”

Senator Elissa Slotkin of Michigan, who delivered Democrats’ formal response to Trump’s speech, acknowledged that Green’s outburst was the culmination of “so much frustration” with the Trump administration and “wanting to be visible,” but that she was taking a different approach. “We can’t just be against something. We have to be for something,” Slotkin told NBC’s Meet the Press.

Howard Lutnick, the commerce secretary, told NBC that the Trump administration will impose a 25 percent tariffs on steel and aluminum imports on Wednesday, as previously announced. But he said President Trump would put a pause on the notion of imposing a 250 percent tariff on Canadian dairy and lumber at least until April 2. Trump threatened Canada with the high tariffs on Friday, as a counterweight to protectionist measures that the Canadian government has put on foreign dairy products.

Lutnick exaggerated the revenue that the federal government can generate from tariffs, and claimed that the income would eliminate the $2 trillion in federal budget deficit. The United States imported roughly $3.3 trillion worth of goods last year, so the average tariff on all U.S. imports would need to exceed 60 percent to cover the federal deficit. The average tariff rate for the United States is currently around 1.5 percent.

Lutnick repeatedly dodged a question on whether he or Elon Musk, the billionaire who’s leading the cost-cutting initiative, DOGE, is in charge of the Commerce Department. “Let’s be crystal clear,” Lutnick said with a laughter and a raised voice. “The president of United States is in charge.” Marco Rubio, the secretary of state, and Sean Duffy, the transportation secretary, openly clashed with Musk in front of Trump during a cabinet meeting on Thursday, prompting the president to move to rein in Musk’s reach.

Trump told Fox News that he will be targeting more perceived foes at law firms. The president has already pulled security clearances from lawyers who were involved in his first impeachment, and targeted lawyers who worked for Jack Smith, the special counsel who pursued two separate indictments against him. On Thursday, Trump signed an executive order punishing the firm Perkins Coie, a firm that did legal work for Democrats during the 2016 presidential election. “We have a lot of law firms that we’re going to be going after because they were very dishonest people,” Trump said.

Senator Lindsey Graham, Republican of South Carolina, said on Fox News Sunday that he believed the United States should continue to arm and share intelligence with the Ukraine in the absence of a cease-fire deal. The White House temporarily suspended arms shipments and intelligence sharing earlier this week. “If we pull the plug on Ukraine, it would be worse than Afghanistan,” Graham said, apparently referring to the chaotic withdrawal of U.S. troops from Kabul in 2021 under former President Joe Biden. “I don’t think President Trump has any desire to do that.”

Graham also said he planned to introduce legislation this week to sanction Russia’s banking and energy sectors to pressure Russian officials to reengage in peace talks with Ukraine and the Trump administration. “If they don’t engage in cease-fire and peace talks with the administration, we should sanction the hell out of them,” Graham said. President Trump said on Friday that he was “strongly considering” imposing sanctions and tariffs on Russia until a cease-fire and permanent peace deal was reached.

President Trump said he opposes cuts to defense spending, even as Elon Musk and his so-called Department of Government Efficiency are slashing spending and contracts throughout the government. “I’d love to cut defense spending, but not now,” Trump told Maria Bartiromo on Fox News, in an interview that aired on Sunday morning. “You have China, you have Russia, a lot of problems out there,” he said. Trump’s interview with Bartiromo was recorded on Thursday at the White House.

Kevin Hassett, the director of the White House National Economic Council, said on ABC that the Trump administration would release a study on the trade practices of foreign governments on April 1. Hassett claimed that the scheduled release of the study is the reason that President Trump suspended some of the tariffs imposed on Canada and Mexico until April 2. Trump has pledged that he will impose a separate round of tariffs on agricultural products and foreign cars on April 2, while providing few details.

Hassett falsely claimed that “just about every country on earth charges a much higher tariff than we do.” Data from the World Bank shows that more than 40 countries and territories, including Japan, Canada, Germany and Vietnam, impose similar or lower tariff rates on average than the United States does.

Adam Boehler, the Trump administration’s nominee to be a special envoy for hostage affairs, has vowed to go to Syria to bring home Austin Tice. Officials in the Biden administration spent years looking for Tice, an American journalist and ex-Marine who was kidnapped in Syria in 2012. “Truthfully, I don’t know whether Austin is still alive, but for me, in my job, it’s to bring all Americans home, dead or alive,” Boehler said on CNN Sunday morning. “Austin is on my list, and I’m going to go to Syria, and I’m going to do the best I can to find out. If he’s there, I’m going to bring him home. If he’s dead. I’m going to dig up his remains with the FBI.”

“I hate the Packers,” Gov. Tim Walz of Minnesota said of his state’s rival football team from Wisconsin.

“Lamar Jackson was robbed,” grumbled Gov. Wes Moore of Maryland, still bitter that the Baltimore Ravens quarterback had fallen just short of winning the N.F.L.’s Most Valuable Player Award.

“The Sixers suck right now,” declared Gov. Josh Shapiro of Pennsylvania, lamenting the decline of Philadelphia’s basketball team.

The hot takes are flowing as a parade of ambitious Democrats talk sports, trying to accentuate their salt-of-the-earth credentials and forge stronger bonds with voters.

These Democrats are flocking to sports radio shows and podcasts as their party tries to correct for what it widely takes as an article of faith: that President Trump won back power with help from young men who found themselves drawn to him through what was once an apolitical sphere of the media.

As their party reels from the impact of Mr. Trump’s policies and struggles to craft a new strategy and message, Democrats have found that yakking about sports is perhaps the easiest way to reach skeptical or disengaged audiences who might not otherwise want to spend time listening to a politician.

Mr. Moore is a regular caller on Baltimore and Washington sports radio, where last fall he predicted football winners on Friday afternoons. Lately, he has had a lot of thoughts about where a proposed new Washington Commanders stadium should go. (Maryland, obviously.)

Mr. Shapiro served as a game analyst for a University of Pittsburgh basketball broadcast last month. And Gov. Andy Beshear of Kentucky is already preparing to do the rounds of podcasts and shows at the Kentucky Derby this spring.

Voters, Mr. Beshear said, want “candidates and people serving who don’t just sound like normal human beings, but they are normal human beings.”

“Talking about sports, going to watch sports and talking to people as you meet them about sports, just shows that you, too, are a normal human being,” he said.

These Democratic governors are broadening their outreach to voters at a political moment when Mr. Trump showed up at the Super Bowl and the Daytona 500 and is considering a posthumous pardon for Pete Rose, the baseball legend barred for betting on games.

“It takes the politics out of it,” said Mr. Walz, whose career as a high school football coach was often highlighted after he became the Democratic nominee for vice president last year. “When I go out there and go on those shows, it shows you’re a real human being and it connects with people on something they care about.”

Certainly, Americans have long mixed sports and politics, and many of these Democrats were talking sports well before the last election. Gov. Gretchen Whitmer of Michigan, who once aspired to be a sports broadcaster, appeared on the “Locked on Lions” podcast last spring to talk about the N.F.L. draft, which was held in Detroit.

But the post-election appearances have been especially striking, particularly because former Vice President Kamala Harris appeared on only a few sports shows during the fall campaign.

The Harris campaign tried but failed to have her appear on popular podcasts hosted by the sports commentator Bill Simmons and the Kelce brothers of professional football, according to a person who sought to arrange her media interviews. (The campaign also failed in its efforts to book her with the podcaster Joe Rogan and the “Hot Ones” YouTube show, which interviews celebrities as they eat blisteringly spicy chicken wings.)

In recent weeks, Democrats including Mr. Shapiro; Mr. Moore; Representative Hakeem Jeffries, the House Democratic leader; former Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo of New York, who resigned in scandal and is now running for mayor of New York City; and Representative Ro Khanna of California have made time to chat with Stephen A. Smith, the ESPN personality. Mr. Smith, for his part, has espoused so many thoughts on politics lately that his name has begun to show up in fantasy 2028 Democratic presidential primary polling.

Mr. Smith, who agreed last week to a $100 million contract that allows him to delve more into politics, conferred instant sports credibility to Mr. Shapiro, seeming to compare him to the basketball superstar Michael Jordan. Mr. Smith also said he would be willing to campaign for Mr. Moore.

For his part, Mr. Shapiro, who spoke with Mr. Smith before the Super Bowl, correctly predicted that his hometown Philadelphia Eagles would be able to contain the Kansas City Chiefs quarterback Patrick Mahomes.

And though Mr. Shapiro reveled in the Eagles’ Super Bowl victory, his true sports passion is basketball. During a recent interview, he spoke at length about the aging and oft-injured roster of the Philadelphia 76ers, a team he said had failed to adapt to modern basketball.

“Teams that are trying to win with like a Big Two or Big Three, as the Sixers attempted to do, aren’t having as much success in the league right now,” Mr. Shapiro said. “That’s compounded when you have injuries that they do. It’s really troubling.”

Mr. Shapiro’s unsparing analysis of his 76ers would not be out of line on Philadelphia sports radio — to which he has been known to call in as “Josh in Abington,” a reference to his hometown north of the city.

Speaking hard truths about hometown teams — and where one’s loyalties lie — is a vehicle for politicians to convey authenticity.

“It’s very important for politicians — especially Democrats, if they want to try to reach the sports radio audience — they got to be who they are,” said Matt Jones, a prominent sports radio host in Kentucky who considered, but then decided against, a 2020 challenge to Senator Mitch McConnell, the former Republican leader. “In the sports world, people don’t like fakes. They’re fine with you not rooting for their team, but you better not lie about who you root for.”

Indeed, sports bigamy can exacerbate a politician’s image as a flip-flopper — or worse, as someone willing to say whatever is expedient. Just ask Hillary Clinton, who at different times in her political life claimed to be a fan of both the Chicago Cubs and the New York Yankees.

Holding true to one’s sports loyalties can also backfire. Bill de Blasio never gave up his Boston Red Sox allegiance, which became a problem when he was mayor of New York. Chris Christie used to sit in the Dallas Cowboys owner’s box and cheer against the New York Giants and the Eagles — teams with huge followings in New Jersey, where he was governor.

Mr. Moore presents himself as Maryland’s No. 1 fan of the Baltimore Ravens and the Baltimore Orioles. But he is also upfront about being a convert. He spent part of his childhood in the Bronx during the New York Mets’ glory years in the 1980s. In a 1996 interview with The New York Times, Mr. Moore said he dreamed of being drafted into the N.B.A. by the New York Knicks.

In a recent interview, Mr. Moore said he had given up most of his New York sports allegiances — except for the Knicks.

“The Mets are still kind of like, you know, your ex-girlfriend, who you’re like, ‘Yeah, that was fun back in the day,’ but there is no doubt that I’m married to the Orioles,” Mr. Moore said.

He also delivered a monologue lasting 1 minute 33 seconds about why Mr. Jackson should have been named the N.F.L.’s most valuable player last year over Josh Allen, the Buffalo Bills quarterback.

But that argument is rejected by another prominent Democratic governor, Kathy Hochul of New York, according to her spokeswoman.

Ms. Hochul, a Buffalo native and a Bills fanatic, did her own round of sports podcast appearances during her team’s playoff run in January.

“You don’t have to say, ‘Hi’ or ‘Goodbye,’” she told “The Buffalo Football Podcast.” “You just have to say, ‘Go Bills.’”

In states without professional teams, governors tend to focus on college athletics. Gov. Ned Lamont of Connecticut called the current men’s basketball team at the University of Connecticut “erratic” but praised its women’s team as being “on fire.”

And in Kentucky, Mr. Beshear, a Vanderbilt alumnus, backs both the University of Kentucky and the University of Louisville teams, despite their longstanding and intense basketball rivalry.

“As governor, you have two jobs when it comes to collegiate basketball,” he said. “No. 1, to root for your in-state schools, and No. 2, to root against Duke.”

Tesla charging stations were set ablaze near Boston on Monday. Shots were fired at a Tesla dealership in Oregon after midnight on Thursday. Arrests were made at a nonviolent protest at a Tesla dealership in Lower Manhattan on Saturday.

The electric car company Tesla increasingly found itself in police blotters across the country this week, more than seven weeks after President Trump’s second inauguration swept Tesla’s chief executive, Elon Musk, into the administration as a senior adviser to the president.

Mr. Musk, 53, is drawing increasing backlash for his sweeping cuts to federal agencies, a result of the newly formed cost-cutting initiative Mr. Musk has labeled the Department of Government Efficiency.

During a demonstration on Saturday at a gleaming Tesla showroom in the West Village neighborhood of Manhattan, protesters joined in chants of “Nobody voted for Elon Musk” and “Oligarchs out, democracy in.” One held a sign saying, “Send Musk to Mars Now!!” (Mr. Musk also owns SpaceX.)

Several hundred protesters remained there for two hours, organizers said, blocking entrances and shutting down the dealership.

Some protesters entered the building, and six were arrested, said Alice Hu, an organizer. The New York Police Department said that five people had been issued summonses for disorderly conduct, while one faced a charge of resisting arrest.

The demonstration came at the end of a week in which employees at a Tesla dealership in Tigard, Ore., near Portland, arrived at work on Thursday and found gunshot damage.

The police said they believed that at least seven shots had been fired, damaging three cars and shattering windows. One bullet went through a wall and into a computer monitor, the police said.

And on Monday, seven Tesla charging stations were intentionally set on fire at a shopping center outside Boston, the police said. In another Boston suburb, the police arrested a man on Wednesday who had tagged six Tesla vehicles with decals of Mr. Musk in a raised-arm pose.

The police in Brookline, Mass. released a video of the man saying that he had the right to deface the cars because it was his “free speech.” When Mr. Musk saw the video, he responded, “Damaging the property of others, aka vandalism, is not free speech!”

Tesla did not respond to a request for comment on Saturday about the protest and vandalism.

In Colorado on Thursday, federal prosecutors charged a person with malicious destruction of property. She is accused of spray-painting “Nazi” onto the side of a Tesla dealership and planting a Molotov cocktail near a vehicle, according to a news release from the United States attorney in Colorado.

At Mr. Trump’s inauguration, Mr. Musk slapped his right hand on his chest before shooting his arm diagonally upward, palm facing down, a gesture that resembled a salute used in Nazi Germany and fascist Italy. But Mr. Musk responded in a post on X: “The ‘everyone is Hitler’ attack is sooo tired.”

On Tuesday in Salem, Ore., a man was arrested and charged with setting fires in front of a Tesla dealership and to a Tesla car in the lot on the day of the inauguration, causing at least $500,000 worth of damage, the authorities said. He was also charged with firing shots at the same dealership one month later.

The protest at the showroom in Manhattan was in one of the city’s most liberal neighborhoods. Protesters have gathered there for weeks, with each weekend’s protest larger than the previous one, according to State Senator Brad Hoylman-Sigal, a Democrat who represents the district.

He said that it was “cathartic for New Yorkers to go to the streets” and that it was important for Mr. Musk and Mr. Trump to “see that cutting the federal government off at its knees is going to hurt a lot of people.”

Tesla itself has been the subject of the backlash, with some vehicle owners now selling their cars and trucks to distance themselves from Mr. Musk and his political activities.

“I’m sort of embarrassed to be seen in that car now,” one owner told The New York Times before trading in the car.

The anger against Mr. Musk this week also crossed borders.

In Berlin on Tuesday, several fires broke out at a construction site for the expansion of a Tesla factory. The police in Germany said that they were investigating it as an arson.

And in France, a dozen Tesla cars were set on fire near the southern city of Toulouse on Sunday night. The blaze was “not at all accidental,” the prosecutor’s office said.

From Boston to Los Angeles, thousands of people rallied on Saturday to protest the presidency of Donald J. Trump, including his handling of the war in Ukraine, his stance on reproductive rights and the firing of federal workers.

About 300 protests, organized to commemorate International Women’s Day, were scheduled around the country. Some, like the one at Washington Square Park in Manhattan, attracted at least a few thousand demonstrators. Others, in smaller cities like Richmond, Va., Sarasota, Fla., and Port Angeles, Wash., drew more scattered interest. One in Madison, Wis., drew more than 120 people.

In New York City, protesters expressed outrage at Mr. Trump’s treatment of Ukraine’s president, restrictions on transgender rights and what they see as the tearing apart of the nation’s democracy.

Nancy Lewis, 80, attended civil rights demonstrations in Selma, Ala., as a teenager. Lauren Yoo, 26, had rarely protested before. Both were eager to join the crowd.

“A lot of women are feeling like they are going back in time, so I feel like it’s good to come out here and voice our concerns, and stand with all women,” Ms. Yoo said.

International Women’s Day is not as widely celebrated in the United States as it is in other countries. But organizers said that Americans eager to protest considered the occasion an appropriate time to rally. Women’s groups had taken the lead in coordinating the major protest that greeted Mr. Trump’s first inauguration eight years ago, called the Women’s March. Millions of Americans joined that 2017 protest, the largest single-day public demonstration in U.S. history.

Mr. Trump’s second inauguration faced a much more muted response, reflecting a shift in tactics and perhaps a more uncertain opposition.

The recent blitz of funding freezes, firings, executive orders and more has left many Americans looking for opportunities to demonstrate, said Rachel O’Leary Carmona, executive director of Women’s March, which organized Saturday’s rallies. The group was formed by some of the organizers of the 2017 march.

Participants in different communities focused on different concerns, such as the firings at the National Park Service or restrictions on abortion.

“What people are concerned about is everything, because there’s no aspect of these attacks that doesn’t touch everybody,” she said.

In Madison, some attendees carried signs supporting Susan Crawford, a liberal candidate for the Wisconsin Supreme Court who supports abortion rights. One attendee, Lynn McMahon, a 32-year-old engineer, said the State Supreme Court race is connected to a broader attack on women.

“Just sitting around on your couch and ‘slacktivism’ isn’t going to help, but coming out, talking to people, talking to your friends is what makes a difference,” she said.

Some of Saturday’s march attendees had turned out for other recent protest events, like the demonstrations at national parks last week and the Stand Up for Science rallies on Friday.

For Ricki Sajbel, a 67-year-old former stay-at-home mother and a member of a group called the Raging Grannies of Madison, Saturday’s rally capped a busy stretch of activism.

“It is my fourth protest in a week,” she said.

Christina Lieffring and Ana Facio-Krajcer contributed reporting.

Iran’s supreme leader decried “bullying governments” and bristled on Saturday at the idea of negotiating over the country’s nuclear program with the United States in an apparent response to a letter sent by President Trump earlier in the week.

Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, the leader, indirectly addressed Mr. Trump’s suggestion that Iran negotiate over its rapidly advancing nuclear program or face potential military action, while speaking at a meeting with government and military officials for Ramadan. Though he did not explicitly mention the letter, Mr. Trump or even the United States by name, it was clear he was speaking about Washington’s recent gesture.

“Some bullying governments insist on negotiations not to resolve issues but to impose,” Mr. Khamenei said, according to state media. He added that “negotiation is a path for them to make new demands, it’s not just nuclear issues to speak about the nuclear topic, they are making new demands which will definitely not be accepted by Iran.”

Speaking on Friday in the Oval Office, Mr. Trump suggested that Iran’s nuclear capabilities — which now include enough near-bomb-grade fuel to produce about six weapons — were reaching a critical point. He said he had offered the country a chance to negotiate or risk losing its program in a military strike.

The White House did not provide any specifics about the content of Mr. Trump’s letter, which the president said he sent on Wednesday.

Iranian officials are currently at odds over whether the country should negotiate over the program. While the ayatollah denounced Mr. Trump’s offer, other moderate and reformist leaders have spoken in favor of opening negotiations, including President Masoud Pezeshkian, who took office last year. Ultimately however, Mr. Khamenei, who has long said Iran cannot trust the United States, has the final say.

The 2015 nuclear accord negotiated by President Barack Obama had been effective, officials say. Iran had shipped nearly all its nuclear fuel stockpile out of the country, and international inspectors said the Iranians were abiding by the sharp restrictions on new production of nuclear fuel.

But Mr. Trump, who had repeatedly criticized the accord, withdrew from the nuclear agreement with Iran during his first term and reimposed heavy economic sanctions on the country, gambling that Tehran would respond by pleading for a new deal more advantageous to the United States.

Iran did not come back to the table, and now the program has reached a critical juncture, experts say.

Mr. Trump has also potentially undermined his proposal by upending two U.S. programs that for decades have worked to expose Iran’s atomic bomb programs. One program has since been restored, but experts worry the disruptions will hurt the worldwide struggle to contain nuclear proliferation.

Farnaz Fassihi contributed reporting.

House Republicans on Saturday unveiled a measure to fund the government through Sept. 30, boosting spending on the military and daring Democrats to oppose it and risk being blamed for a government shutdown that would begin after midnight Friday.

The 99-page legislation would slightly decrease spending overall from last year’s funding levels, but would increase spending for the military by $6 billion, in a nod to the concerns of G.O.P. defense hawks that stopgap measures would hamstring the Pentagon. It would not include any funds for any earmarks for projects in lawmakers’ districts or states, saving roughly $13 billion, according to congressional aides.

The bill provides a slight funding boost for Immigration and Customs Enforcement — an additional $485 million — but gives the administration more flexibility on how the agency can spend it. It also increases funding for the federal program that provides free groceries to millions of low-income women and children, known as W.I.C., by about $500 million.

It was unclear whether the legislation could pass the Republican-controlled Congress. Speaker Mike Johnson will need to navigate the bill through his extremely narrow House majority as early as Tuesday and has just a vote or two to spare if Democrats are unanimously opposed. The pressure would shift quickly to the Senate if House Republicans can pass the legislation, raising the question of whether Democrats would mount a filibuster against the bill and trigger a shutdown.

While conservative House Republicans have in the past dug in and opposed such spending bills, forcing Mr. Johnson to rely on Democrats to keep the government open, President Trump called on Republicans to unite and push this measure through so he and Republicans on Capitol Hill could focus on their new budgetary and tax-cutting plans.

“Great things are coming for America, and I am asking you all to give us a few months to get us through to September so we can continue to put the Country’s ‘financial house’ in order,” Mr. Trump wrote on his social media site on Saturday, shortly after Republican leaders unveiled the bill.

Leading Democrats in both the House and Senate quickly made it clear on Saturday that they were adamantly opposed to the stopgap, saying it would provide too much discretion to the Trump administration and the Elon Musk-led effort to drastically reduce spending on federal programs.

“I strongly oppose this full-year continuing resolution, which is a power grab for the White House and further allows unchecked billionaire Elon Musk and President Trump to steal from the American people,” said Representative Rosa DeLauro of Connecticut, the top Democrat on the House Appropriations Committee. “By essentially closing the book on negotiations for full-year funding bills that help the middle class and protect our national security, my colleagues on the other side of the aisle have handed their power to an unelected billionaire.”

But Senator Susan Collins, Republican of Maine and chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee, said she was inclined to back the legislation even though she would have preferred to push through new individual spending measures.

“Our focus must be on preventing an unnecessary and costly government shutdown on Friday, March 14, at midnight,” Ms. Collins said in a statement. “Government shutdowns are inherently a failure to govern effectively and have negative consequences all across government.”

She and the other leaders of the congressional spending panels had been in bipartisan talks in recent days aimed at finding a way to pass the traditional spending bills, which would give Congress more say in how federal funds are spent and test how far the Trump administration was willing to go in defying lawmakers on spending issues.

But time ran out on the negotiations, and Mr. Johnson and administration officials made the decision that it would be to the White House’s advantage to freeze funding for the year and push through whatever changes they could convince Republicans to accept on mainly party-line votes.

“Congress — not Trump or Musk — should decide through careful bipartisan negotiations how to invest in our states and districts — and whether critical programs that support students, veterans, families and patients get funded or not,” Senator Patty Murray of Washington, the top Democrat on the Senate Appropriations Committee, said in a statement.

The government has been running on a series of stopgaps known as continuing resolutions since Oct. 1 because of a failure to pass the annual spending bills. The approach is considered inefficient because it does not adjust spending for changes in circumstances.

This year would be the first time the Pentagon has operated under a yearlong continuing resolution, and the Trump administration has sought added flexibility to make adjustments in its military spending.

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the nation’s premier agency for weather and climate science, has been told by the Trump administration to prepare to lose another 1,000 workers, raising concerns that NOAA’s lifesaving forecasts might be hindered as hurricane and disaster season approaches.

The new dismissals would come in addition to the roughly 1,300 NOAA staff members who have already resigned or been laid off in recent weeks. The moves have alarmed scientists, meteorologists and others at the agency, which includes the National Weather Service. Some activities, including the launching of weather balloons, have already been suspended because of staffing shortages.

Together, the reductions would represent nearly 20 percent of NOAA’s approximately 13,000-member work force.

Managers within NOAA have been told to draw up proposals for layoffs and reorganizations to trim the agency’s staff by at least 1,000 people, according to eight people who requested anonymity because they weren’t authorized to discuss the plans publicly. The effort is part of the “reductions in force” that President Trump required as part of an executive order last month, as he and the billionaire Elon Musk make rapid, large-scale cuts to the federal bureaucracy.

NOAA managers have been asked to complete their proposals by Tuesday, one of the people said. The proposals are likely to involve eliminating some of the agency’s functions, though managers have received little guidance about which programs to prioritize for cutting.

Representatives for NOAA didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment on Saturday.

The recent employee departures have already affected NOAA’s operations in many realms: predicting hurricanes and tornadoes, overseeing fisheries and endangered species, monitoring the changes that humans are bringing about to Earth’s climate and ecosystems.

NOAA, a $6.8 billion agency within the Commerce Department, has been singled out for cuts by some of Mr. Trump’s allies. Project 2025, the policy blueprint published by the Heritage Foundation that is echoed in many of the Trump administration’s actions, calls NOAA “one of the main drivers of the climate change alarm industry.” The document calls for the agency to be dismantled and some of its functions eliminated or privatized.

Organizations including the American Geophysical Union, which represents earth and space researchers, have called on Congress to oppose the administration’s actions.

“Undermining NOAA’s operations could risk the safety of millions of Americans and destabilize countless industries, from farming and fisheries to energy and finance, threatening job losses and economic downturn,” the organizations wrote in a letter. They pointed out that, as the planet warms, extreme weather is becoming more frequent and more damaging, making NOAA’s work more critical.

The idea that private companies could replace NOAA in forecasting the weather is a “gross misunderstanding,” said Keith Seitter, a distinguished visiting lecturer in meteorology and climate science at College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Mass.

“The app on your phone or what you’re watching on TV, those are private-sector companies, but those private-sector companies depend critically on NOAA for all the information that they’re using to create those forecasts,” Dr. Seitter said. “It’s a coordinated effort.”

Employees who are still working at NOAA describe feelings of deep anxiety. Their colleagues have been let go unannounced, meaning they have no idea who might simply not show up for work. With their government-issued credit cards frozen, they can’t buy supplies for research projects or travel to retrieve instruments that have been installed at sea. They are scrambling to back up their scientific data, fearful that programs might be shuttered or leases on buildings canceled.

At least three NOAA facilities were on a list of federal properties that the Trump administration flagged last week for possible sale. The list was later taken down, replaced by a web page that said a new inventory was “coming soon.”

The firings of scientists at NOAA and other agencies, plus potential cuts to federal funding for research at universities and hospitals, have fed worries that the administration is undermining the foundations of America’s modern scientific leadership.

On Friday, crowds gathered at “Stand Up for Science” rallies in cities around the nation including Austin, Birmingham, Ala., Boston, Chicago, Denver, Nashville and Washington.

“This is the most challenging moment I can recall for science,” Michael Mann, a climate researcher at the University of Pennsylvania, told the rally in Washington, where the crowd peaked at 5,000 people, according to the organizers. “Science is under siege,” Dr. Mann said.

The National Weather Service has faced budget cuts, hiring freezes and calls for privatization before, Dr. Seitter said. “But nothing where you’ve just arbitrarily whacked whole chunks out of the work force, or potentially taken away whole chunks of budget that support mission-critical things,” he said.